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Left:
The author many years ago at the Karnak Temple, Luxor, Egypt (author's
photo).
With Alexander the Great's invasion
of Egypt in the 3rd century BC, the use of perfume and incense became
even more widespread in Greece. In fact, it was a classmate of Alexander's,
Theophrastus of Athens, who wrote the first treatise on scent in
his essay, "Concerning Odors." In this essay, he compiled an elaborate
list of all of the aromatics of Greece and those imported from other
lands of which he was aware...
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...He also discussed the various carriers
of scent, the essential oils and their plant origins, and even the
effect of various scents on our moods and thinking processes. He
also researched how we perceive scent, and noted the connection
between the perception of odors and taste (for a discussion of smell
and the effect of scent on mood, see A
Sniff at Smell). Alexander was such an aromatic advocate, that
at his death was burned on a pyre of aromatic resins.
But perhaps the most famous ruler
of Egypt was Cleopatra (69 to 30 B.C.), a Greek export whose sly,
scented subterfuges seduced even Mark Antony. After the assassination
of Julius Caesar, she left Rome to become the queen of Egypt. There
she greeted Mark Antony, a Roman politician, on a ship with perfumed
sails. When love and perfume mix, however, the consequences can
sometimes be tragic. Antony fell under her spell and in fact was
so in love with her, that he killed himself upon hearing a false
report that she was dead. (He was away on travel at the time.) Likewise,
on hearing of Anthony's death, Cleopatra killed herself by provoking
an asp to bite her. Ah, if only they had cellphones...
Bibliography:
-Ackerman, Diane. A Natural History
of the Senses. New York: Vintage Books, 1991.
-Le Guérer, Annick. Scent: The Mysterious and Essential Powers
of Smell. New York: Kodansha America, Inc., 1992.
-Morris, Edwin T. Fragrance: The Story of Perfume from Cleopatra
to Chanel. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, Inc., 1984.
-Newman, Cathy. Perfume: The Art and Science of Scent. Washington,
D.C.: National Geographic Society, 1998.
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